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Frankston is an outer-southeastern suburb of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia, in the local government area of the City of Frankston. It is 41 km south of the Melbourne city centre, at the northernmost point of the Mornington Peninsula. Due to its geographic location, it is often referred to as "the gateway to the Mornington Peninsula". European settlement of Frankston began around the same time as the foundation of Melbourne in 1835—initially as an unofficial fishing village serving the early Melbourne township. Prior to its European settlement, the Frankston area was inhabited primarily by the Mayone-bulluk clan from the Bunurong tribe of the Kulin nation.〔 The new village of Frankston was officially established after formal land sales took place in 1854.〔〔 It has given its name to the broader Frankston local government area since 1893, and serves as both its activity and administrative centre.〔〔 Situated on the eastern shoreline of Port Phillip, Frankston has been a popular seaside destination of Melbourne since the mid-1880s. Frankston Beach remains one of the most frequented in Victoria,〔〔 and is recognised as one of the cleanest in Australia.〔〔 It is also home to one of the largest annual festivals of sand art exhibition in the Southern Hemisphere.〔〔〔 Localities in the suburb (with the postcode 3199) include Frankston Central Business District (CBD), Frankston East, Frankston Heights, Karingal, Long Island, Mount Erin and Olivers Hill. The independent suburb of Frankston South also shares the same postcode as Frankston. According to the 2011 Australian census, the suburb of Frankston had a population of 35,009.〔 The demonym for someone from Frankston is a Frankstonian.〔Te Koha, Nui (30 August 2009). "(Frankghanistan title news to honoured Mal )". ''Herald Sun''. News Limited. Retrieved 13 October 2009〕 ==Toponymy== The origins of the name "Frankston" is subject to conjecture. An enduring theory is that it was named after one of its first official land owners, Frank Liardet, eldest son of early Melbourne pioneer Wilbraham Liardet, who established his Ballam Park estate in 1854 (in what is now the Frankston locality of Karingal). However, in a letter to the editor of ''The Argus'' newspaper (published on 30 May 1916), a member of the Liardet family said that this was in fact not true.〔Liardet, C. Evelyn (30 May 1916). "(Naming of Frankston )". ''The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 9. Retrieved 29 January 2014〕 The letter included excerpts of correspondence between the Liardet family and the Victorian state Department of Lands and Survey which refuted the theory, and instead states that Frankston was named after Charles Franks—an early Melbourne settler who was killed by Indigenous Australians.〔 Charles Franks arrived in Melbourne in 1836 and made a squatting claim to land on the western side of Port Phillip near Mount Cottrel (northeast of what is now the Melbourne outer-western suburb of Wyndham Vale).〔 Franks' land neighboured that of early Melbourne explorer and surveyor John Helder Wedge, which was managed by his nephew Charles Wedge prior to gaining a pre-emptive right to land license for the Frankston area.〔 The correspondence with the Department of Lands and Survey states that, at the time of surveying the Frankston area, the name "Frankston" was probably suggested to honour the Wedge's deceased former neighbour.〔 Another theory—that has become folklore—is that Frankston was named after a pub named "Frank Stone's Hotel".〔Charlwood, Don (8 February 1930). "(Early History of Frankston )" (first article in a series). ''The Frankston & Somerville Standard''. p. 6. Retrieved 29 January 2014〕 In 1929, author Don Charlwood, a student of Frankston High School at the time, compiled an early history of Frankston using local records and oral sources supporting this theory—which was published in ''The Frankston & Somerville Standard'' newspaper the following year.〔 The pub to which Charlwood refers, originally named the Cannanuke Inn, was the first permanent building in the Frankston area, and was built by pre-emptive Frankston settler James Davey in the mid-1840s.〔〔 The Victorian Heritage Database states that it was located on the present site of the Frankston Mechanics' Institute, at 1R Plowman Place in the Frankston Central Business District (CBD).〔〔(Former Cannanuke Inn site ). Victorian Heritage Database. Heritage Victoria. Department of Transport, Planning and Local Infrastructure. Government of Victoria. Retrieved 28 September 2015〕 According to Charlwood it was purchased by a "Mr. Stone" in the early-1850s who, after the birth of his son, "Frank", renamed it "Frank Stone's Hotel" and around which Frankston developed and had its name adapted from in 1854.〔 As there appear to be no licensing records for the Cannanuke Inn, it is difficult to determine if this is in fact true. However, Charlwood does mention that Stone had purchased the Cannanuke Inn from "a man named Standring".〔 Licensing records state that Benjamin Standring was the owner of the Frankston Hotel from 1857 to 1860.〔Staff Writer (22 April 1857). "(County of Bourke Licensing Session )". ''The Age''. Fairfax Media. p. 5 Retrieved 29 September 2015〕〔(Advertising — Hotels ) (24 December 1861). ''The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 8 Retrieved 29 September 2015〕 Also, according to the terms of his pre-emptive right to land licence,〔''Squatting Act'' (7 Wm. IV No. 4, 1836) (UK), and subsequent 1839 amendment, s. 9, by Orders in Council, permitting licenses beyond the Nineteen Counties.〕〔''(Waste Lands Occupation Act )'' (9 & 10 Vic. c. 104, 1846) (UK), CIV, s. 1 providing for “leases exclusively for pastoral purposes”.〕 Davey did not have the right to sell or sub-let the Cannanuke Inn. It is therefore unlikely that Stone purchased or leased the Cannanuke Inn from Davey or Standring before the formal land sales for Frankston in 1854—and after which the name "Frankston" was already in use.〔 (Map of the Village of Frankston at Kananook Creek, Mount Eliza, Port Phillip Bay ) (1 May 1854). Office of the Surveyor General of Victoria. Government of Victoria〕〔(Advertising — Victoria )" (19 May 1854). ''The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 5. Retrieved 29 September 2015〕〔Staff Writer (26 April 1854). "(Domestic Intelligence )". ''The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 5. Retrieved 29 September 2015〕 According to author Michael Jones, in his history book ''Frankston: Resort to City'', Frankston was named after British army general Sir Thomas Harte Franks. Jones' theory is strengthened by the fact that a number of other places near Frankston such as Cranbourne, Hastings, Lyndhurst, Mornington and Pakenham also have names derived from British army generals and statesmen. Jones suggests that Sir Andrew Clarke, the Surveyor General of Victoria from 1853 to 1858, named all of these places.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Frankston, Victoria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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